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Dedication
Abstract
Introduction
I
Viktoria Waltz
Short
information about country and society and the
current territorial,
political and socio-economic situation in Palestine
(in Mandate borders)
16
II
Viktoria Waltz
The
Fabrication of Israel with Tools of Spatial Planning
since 1897
1. The Zionist Plan from Basle 1897 until 1948
1.1
Prior to British Mandate and after –
essentials for the fabrication
of the
Jewish
State
29
1.1.1
The Zionist colonisation plan - ethnocratic
aims of the 31
Zionist movement
1.1.2
Land policy and planning reforms under the
Ottomans 33
since the 19thcentury
1.2
Zionist colonisation under the British
Mandate and side effects 37
of the
Ottoman land laws affecting the Palestinians
2.1.1
Pushing
concentration of ownership and transformation of
properties in Palestinian land
37
2.2.2 Strategic distribution of Zionist land
purchases 39
2.2.3 Strategic location of Zionist colonies on the
usurped land 40
1.3
Imposed division of Palestine by UN decision
181 and Zionist ethnic 43
cleansing
Conclusion
III
Planning in Israel – from fostering the Jewish
character of Israel
to an
ethnocratic planning
system
50
Viktoria Waltz
1.
The
usurpation of Palestinian land in Israel – steps
prior to 1967 53
1.1 Initial steps of Judaising the country
1.1.1 The National Judaising Plan of
1950 54
1.1.2
The program of 30 ‚New Cities` - Jewish centres of
rural 56
development
1.2.
The usurpation of Palestinian land ‘by law’
59
1.2.1
Land grab from ‘absentees’ and 'state
land' 59
1.2.2
Land grab for water
control
60
Conclusion
Kassem
Egbaria
2. Two
Spatial Systems for one land: Spatial inequality in
the development
of
Palestinian communities and actual needs for
equity 65
2.1 The Israeli
context
67
2.1.1The
Israeli
society
68
2.1.2
Current conditions of Palestinian citizens in
Israel 68
2.2
Land ownership and management in
Israel
70
2.3 One
Land - two spatial planning systems
70
2.3.1
Goals and intentions of comprehensive national
spatial 70
Planning
70
2.3.2 The national master-plan Israel
2020 74
2.4
Ethnocratic planning –
results
76
2.4.1
Land shrinkage for a growing
community 76
2.4.2
The opportunity for
development
77
Conclusion: Meeting the
challenges
79
Kassem Egbaria
3. Discriminative housing policy in Israel's
Palestinian localities –
the example of
Tayibe
84
3.1 Tayibe, a Palestinian community in
Israeli
context 88
3.1.1
Tayibe, a Palestinian community in Israeli context
3.2 The
Israeli housing
policy
90
3.2.1
Housing policy and housing development in Israeli
Palestinian
localities 91
3.3 The
case of Tayibe: Residential environment and housing
conditions 93
3.3.1
Housing conditions in Tayibe
93
3.3.2
Unauthorized buildings: a home rather than
demolishing it 94
3.3.3
Housing provision in Tayibe
95
3.4
Israel's Housing finance
policy
96
3.4.1
Housing finance and the 'Arab
sector'
97
3.4.2
Housing finance versus management costs in Tayibe
98
3.5
Fulfilment ‘obligations’ of housing finance
criteria 99
3.5.1
Financing a house in Tayibe
100
3.6
Planning zoning regulation - a pre-requisite for a
building permission 101
3.6.1 Rigid planning regulations also
for Tayibe 101
3.7
Latent informality ‘informality within
formality’
101
Conclusion: towards supplying an orientated
future 104
Kassem Egbaria
4. The impact of Israeli urban policies on the
development of the Indigenous Bedouin community in
the Negev Area – unrecognised villages
109
4.1
Confiscating and marginalising of the Bedouin
People 110
4.2 The Bedouin community in Israel: an invisible
community 112
4.3 Development of patterns
114
4.4 The
phenomenon of 'unrecognised
villages'
115
4.4.1
Planning scenarios: preventing further dispersal
116
4.4.2
Negligence of urban elements in the unrecognised
villages 117
Conclusion
119
Final
Comment
122
IV
Further
devastation and destruction – Judaising of the
Westbank and
Gaza
124
Viktoria Waltz
1.
General planning strategies and executed
policies after usurping
126
West
Bank and Gaza region - an overview
Jad Ishaac
2 After Oslo: The Judaising of the West Bank,
preparing the
geographic holocaust on the Palestinian land
since 1993
131
2.1
Expropriation tools as
before
132
2.2 The
ongoing process of Judaising Palestine with planning
tools 133
2.2.1
Allon/Gush Imunim/Drobless/Sharon – different
architects
of the same judaising and ursurping
process 134
2.2.2
Colonies and master
plans
136
2.2.3 The role of Israeli 'outposts'
138
2.2.4 The role
of Israeli 'bypass roads'
139
2.2.5 The role of
‘check-points'
142
2.3 The Segregation Wall and impacts on occupied
Palestinian territory
144
2.3.1 Changes on the segregation wall
route 145
2.3.2 The September 2007 wall
change
145
2.3.3 Components of the segregation wall
in the West Bank 147
2.4 The closure of the Jordan Valley - The eastern
segregation zone 148
2.5 Impacts of the Israeli segregation
wall
149
Conclusion
145
Yad Ishaac, Viktoria Waltz
3. Gaza - the ‘Hawaii of Israel’ – a short
story
152
3.1
Gaza Region under Mandate time until
1948 152
3.2
Gaza Region after 1967: destruction, dividing and
usurping the fertile
Land
153
3.3
Colonisation after
Oslo
154
3.4 The
‘Disengagement’
157
3.4.1 Israel still
in-control - occupying
Gaza 159
3.4.2 The Military Offensive
“Cast Lead” 27. December 2008
to 18.January
2009
161
Conclusion
162
Faisal
Awadallh/
Ahmad Atrash
4.
Transportation and mobility in the Palestinian West
Bank
and
Gaza
Strip
164
4.1 The
Palestinian Transportation
Network
165
4.1.1 Palestinian Road
Network
166
4.2
Current mobility conditions in the Gaza
Strip
167
4.3
Current mobility conditions in the West
Bank 170
4.4
Transportation Sector Impacts on
Environment
174
Conclusion
175
Jad
Ishaac/Jane Hilal
5.
Water – another story of exploitation of Palestinian
and Arab resources
176
5.1 Israel's usurpation interest on the
Arab water resources until today 176
5.2 Israeli Water Shortage .- home made
and dangerous 179
5.3
Israel’s water grab between Jordan River and Litani
River, with or 185
without a Palestinian State
Conclusion
189
Final
Comment
193
V
Killing the Cities – the example of Jerusalem/Quds
and Hebron/Khalil
in the West Bank, Jaffa in
Israel
195
Viktoria Waltz,
1. Jerusalem and the Zionist Project
196
1.1 Jerusalem before and during the British Mandate:
a time of change 198
1.2 The usurpation of West-Jerusalem after
1948
204
1.3 East
Jerusalem and the Old City – development under
Jordanian
Governance
207
1.4 Jerusalem after 1967: Unification by force and
further ethnisation 208
1.4.1 The expropriation process in the first year after the
military conquest of East Jerusalem
209
1.5
Colonising Jerusalem and turning it into a Jewish
City, the
'Capital of
Israel'
210
1.5.1
Colony groups blocking the three accesses to the
city: the north,
east and south
'corridors''
211
1.5.2
Colony groups as belts forming
barriers 212
1.5.3 Colonies and projects
in the surrounding area of the Old City:
the Seam
Project
214
1.5.4
Judaising the Old
City
216
1.6 The role of the Zionist planning
instruments
219
1.7
The
results of segregation and discrimination of the
Palestinian
Jerusalemites
220
Conclusion
221
Jamal Amro
2.
Destruction of the Palestinian urban fabric and
landscape in
East
Jerusalem after 1967 and effects of the segregation
wall
226
2.1
Demographic and urban transformation in
Jerusalem 226
2.2 The
effects of Israeli planning on continuity of
Palestinian population
and urban development in East Palestinian
Jerusalem 232
2.3
The
effects of the Israeli measures on the landscape and
the
environment
233
2.4
Future
schemes for
Jerusalem
234
Conclusion
235
Viktoria Waltz
3. Hebron-Al Khalil, a step by step usurpation by
aggressive settlers
237
3.1 Usurping Hebron through fanatical Jewish groups,
backed by the
Government
238
3.2 The division of Hebron after
Oslo
239
Conclusion
242
Viktoria
Waltz
4. The
Usurpation of ancient Jaffa and the change into
Tel
Aviv's Old
City
243
4.1
Jaffa
and Tel Aviv – twins of conflict until
1948 244
4.1.1
Jaffa’s forced displacement under British Mandate
until UN division
plan
246
4.2.1 Fill in policy with Jewish refugees – building stop
for Palestinians
249
4.2
Displacement and expropriation after
1948
247
4.3 The
New
Development Plan for Jaffa and the rights of
Palestinian
tenants
250
Conclusion
254
Final
Comment
255
Viktoria
Waltz
VI The
future of Palestine and International planners’
complicity in Israeli Crime - an
outlook
256
Annex
264
List of
Maps
List of
Tables
List of
Figures
List of
Images
The
Authors
Appendix
of Documents
..\Waltz\1englintro_s_27engl.pdf
..\Waltz\2engl
zionsimusmandates_28-48.pdf
..\Waltz\3engIgeneralIsrael48_67_s_49-63.pdf
..\Waltz\4engIplanningsystem_s_64-82.pdf
..\Waltz\5englIhousingpolicy_s_84_107.pdf
..\Waltz\6englbedouinsfinal_s-108_122.pdf
..\Waltz\7englgeneral67policy124-129.pdf
..\Waltz\8englIVafteroslo_s130-151.pdf
..\Waltz\9englIVgaza_s152_163.pdf
..\Waltz\10engIVmoblity_s163_175.pdf
..\Waltz\11englIV-diffwater_s_176_194.pdf
..\Waltz\12engV-1IntroandJerusalem
07_s195_224.pdf
..\Waltz\13engV
2Jerusalem67ff_s226-236.pdf
..\Waltz\14engV-3Hebronalkhalil_237-242.pdf
..\Waltz\15engV-5
Jaffa_s243-255.pdf
..\Waltz\engVIFinal_annex_s256-280ff-1.pdf |
